LIN120 - Linux Fundamentals

What is Linux?

• Unix and its Design Principles
• FSF and GNU
• General Public License
• The Linux Kernel
• Linux Kernel and Versioning
• Components of a Distribution
• Slackware
• SUSE Linux Products
• Debian
• Ubuntu
• Red Hat Linux Products
• Oracle Linux

Login and Exploration

• Logging In
• Running Programs
• Interacting with Command Line
• Desktop Environments
• GNOME
• Starting X
• Gathering Login Session Info
• Gathering System Info
• uptime & w
• got root?
• Switching User Contexts
• sudo
• Help from Commands and Documentation
• whereis
• Getting Help Within the Graphical Desktop, man, & info
• $MANPATH, whatis and apropos

The Linux Filesystem

• Filesystem Support
• Unix/Linux Filesystem Features
• Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
• Navigating the Filesystem
• Displaying Directory Contents
• Filesystem Structures
• Determining Disk Usage With df and du
• Determining Disk Usage (GUI)
• Disk Usage with Quotas
• File Ownership
• Default Group Ownership
• File and Directory Permissions
• File Creation Permissions with umask
• SUID and SGID on Files
• SGID and Sticky Bit on Directories
• Changing File Permissions
• User Private Group Scheme

Manipulating Files

• Directory Manipulation
• File Manipulation
• Deleting and Creating Files
• Managing Files Graphically
• Drag and Drop with Nautilus
• Physical Unix File Structure
• Filesystem Links
• File Extensions and Content
• Displaying and Previewing Files
• Producing File Statistics
• Displaying Binary Files
• Searching the Filesystem
• Alternate Search Method

Shell Basics

• Role of Command Shell
• Communication Channels
• File Redirection
• Piping Commands Together
• Filename Matching
• File Globbing and Wildcard Patterns
• Brace Expansion
• Shell and Environment Variables
• Key Environment Variables
• Which and Type
• General Quoting Rules
• Nesting Commands

Archiving and Compression

• Archives with tar and cpio
• The gzip, bzip2, and XZ Compression Utility
• The PKZIP Archiving/Compression Format
• GNOME File Roller

Text Processing

• Searching Inside Files
• The Streaming Editor
• Text Processing with Awk
• Replacing Text Characters
• Text Sorting
• Duplicate Removal Utility
• Extracting Columns of Text
• Combining Files and Merging Text
• Comparing File Changes

Regular Expressions

• Regular Expression Overview and Implementations
• RE Character Classes
• Regex Quantifiers
• RE Parenthesis

Text Editing

• Text Editing
• Pico/GNU Nano
• Pico/Nano Interface
• Nano Configuration
• Pico/Nano Shortcuts
• vi and Vim
• Learning Vim
• Basic and Intermediate vi

Messaging

• System Messaging Commands
• Controlling System Messaging
• Internet Relay Chat
• Instant Messenger Clients
• Electronic Mail
• Sending Email with sendmail and Pine
• Sending and Receiving Email with mailx and mutt
• Evolution

Command Shells

• Shells
• Identifying and Changing the Shell
• Shell Configuration Files
• Script Execution
• Bourne Shell: Shell Prompts
• Bash: Bourne-Again Shell
• Bash: Configuration Files
• Bash: Command Line History
• Bash: Command Editing
• Bash: Command Completion
• Bash: "Shortcuts"
• Bash: Prompt
• Setting Resource Limits via ulimit

Introduction to Shell Scripting

• Shell Script Strengths and Weaknesses
• Example Shell Script
• Positional Parameters
• Input & Output
• Doing Math
• Exit Status
• Comparisons with test
• Conditional Statements
• Flow Control: case
• The Bourne for-Loop
• The while and until Loops

Process Management and Job Control

• What is a Process?
• Process Lifecycle and States
• Viewing Processes
• Signals
• Tools to Send Signals
• nohup and disown
• Managing Processes
• Tuning Process Scheduling
• Job Control Overview and Commands
• Persistent Shell Sessions with tmux and Screen
• Using screen
• Advanced Screen

At and Cron

• Automating Tasks
• at/batch
• cron
• The crontab Command
• crontab Format
• /etc/cron.*/ Directories
• Anacron
• Systemd Timers

Managing Software

• Downloading with FTP
• FTP
• lftp
• Command Line Internet Non-interactive
• Command Line Internet Interactive
• Managing Software Dependencies
• Using the Yum Command
• Using Yum History
• Yum Package Groups
• Configuring Yum
• yumdownloader
• Popular Yum Repositories
• Using the Zypper Command
• Zypper Services and Catalogs
• The dselect & APT Frontends to dpkg
• Aptitude
• Configuring APT

The Secure Shell (SSH)

• Secure Shell
• OpenSSH Client & Server Configuration
• Accessing Remote Shells
• Transferring Files
• Alternative sftp Clients
• SSH Key Management
• ssh-agent

Mounting Filesystems & Managing Removable Media

• Filesystems Concept Review
• Mounting Filesystems
• NFS
• SMB
• Filesystem Table (/etc/fstab)
• AutoFS
• Removable Media

Printing

• Legacy Print Systems
• Common UNIX Printing System
• Defining a Printer
• Standard Print Commands
• Format Conversion Utilities
• enscript and mpage

The X Window System

• The X Window System
• X Modularity
• X.Org Drivers
• Configuring X Manually
• Automatic X Configuration
• Xorg and Fonts
• Installing Fonts for Modern and Legacy Applications
• The X11 Protocol and Display Names
• Display Managers and Graphical Login
• Starting X Apps Automatically
• X Access Control
• Remote X Access
• XDMCP
• Remote Graphical Access with VNC and RDP
• Specialized X Servers

Emacs

• The Emacs Interface
• Basic Emacs and Commands

• Students should be comfortable with computers.
• No familiarity with Linux or other Unix operating systems is required.

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